I-Samsung Electronics, eyayikade isele ngemuva kakhulu kwe-TSMC yaseTaiwan embonini yezingcezu ze-semiconductor, manje igxile ekuthuthukiseni ukuncintisana kwayo kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokusheshisa imizamo yayo yokubamba. Ngaphambilini, ngenxa yamazinga aphansi okukhiqiza, i-Samsung yabhekana nezinselelo ekuqalisweni kokuqala kwenqubo yayo ethuthukisiwe ye-3nm, kodwa muva nje iqinise ubuchwepheshe bayo be-3nm futhi isebenza ukunciphisa igebe ne-TSMC ezinqubweni ze-2nm. Abantu abangaphakathi embonini babikezela ukuthi njengoba isitshalo sayo sokukhiqiza ama-wafer eTaylor, eTexas, sikhula kancane kancane, ibhizinisi lezingcezu ze-Samsung kulindeleke ukuthi lithole inzuzo kusukela ngo-2027, okuwukuqala okusemthethweni kokuphishekela kwe-Samsung ngokugcwele i-TSMC.
Ukwandiswa Komthamo we-2nm
Inkampani yocwaningo lwemakethe i-Counterpoint Research yabikezela ngomhlaka-20 ukuthi umthamo wenqubo ye-2nm ye-Samsung uzokhuphuka ngo-163%, kusukela kuma-wafer angu-8,000 ngenyanga ngo-2024 kuya kuma-wafer angu-21,000 ngenyanga ekupheleni konyaka ozayo. Lokhu kwanda komthamo kusekelwe ekuvuneni okuzinzile kwenqubo ye-2nm ye-Samsung. I-Counterpoint Research yaveza ukuthi: "Njengoba i-Samsung iwina amakhasimende amaningi ezindaweni ezifana neselula, i-supercomputing, kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, ukuthuthuka kwayo kwenqubo ye-2nm kungaba yindawo ebalulekile yokushintsha. Uma izinzuzo ziqhubeka nokuthuthuka kanye nokukhiqizwa okukhulu efektri yaseTaylor kuqhubeka kahle, i-Samsung kulindeleke ukuthi inciphise kakhulu igebe lokuncintisana ne-TSMC ensimini yenqubo esezingeni eliphezulu okokuqala ngqa ezizukulwaneni."
Njengamanje, isivuno senqubo ye-2nm ye-Samsung kulinganiselwa ukuthi sithuthuke saya ku-55% kuya ku-60%. Le ntuthuko idonsele ngempumelelo amakhasimende amaningi amakhulu ukuthi amukele inqubo yayo ethuthukisiwe. NgoJulayi walo nyaka, i-Samsung isayine inkontileka ye-$16.5 billion (cishe ama-trillion won angu-24.28) ne-Tesla yokukhiqiza i-chip yayo ye-AI6 yesizukulwane esilandelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Samsung iphinde yathola ama-oda e-Exynos 2600 smartphone application processor (AP) evela ku-Samsung System LSI, izinzwa zezithombe ezivela ku-Apple, kanye nama-ASIC okumba imali yedijithali ezinkampanini zaseShayina i-WIFI kanye ne-Canaan Technology. Ama-AP e-Qualcomm kulindeleke ukuthi nawo athole ama-oda maduze.
Amasu entengo aguquguqukayo adonsela amakhasimende
Ngokusho kwedatha yeTrendForce, i-TSMC ibuse imakethe ye-wafer foundry kwikota yesibili ngesabelo semakethe esingu-70.2%, kanti i-Samsung Electronics yayinesabelo semakethe esingu-7.3%. Lesi sikhala sancipha saya kumaphuzu angu-30% ngo-2019, kodwa kusukela lapho sanda futhi.
Kodwa-ke, imboni yezobuchwepheshe ngokuvamile ikholelwa ukuthi i-Samsung iyakwazi ukuncintisana ne-TSMC emkhakheni wenqubo ye-2nm. I-Samsung yethule ubuchwepheshe be-Gate-All-Around (GAA) enqubweni yayo ye-3nm, okunciphisa ukuvuza kwamanje futhi kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwamandla uma kuqhathaniswa nemiklamo yendabuko ye-FinFET. I-Samsung yamukele ubuchwepheshe be-GAA kusukela enqubweni yayo ye-3nm kuqhubeke, kanti i-TSMC ayizange iqale ukuyisebenzisa kwaze kwaba yinqubo yayo ye-2nm. Isazi sangaphakathi embonini siveze ukuthi, "I-Samsung inqobe izinselelo zenqubo ye-3nm futhi yaqoqa ulwazi olucebile nge-GAA, yayifaka endaweni ehluke ngokuphelele uma kuqhathaniswa ne-TSMC, esanda kuqala ukusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe obusha."
Njengamanje, i-TSMC ibhekene nokwanda kwama-oda avela kumakhasimende amakhulu njenge-Nvidia ne-Apple. Imibiko ikhombisa ukuthi i-TSMC inyuse intengo yama-wafer ayo e-2nm ngo-50% uma kuqhathaniswa nezizukulwane ezedlule. Lesi simo singase sizuzise i-Samsung, esebenzisa amasu entengo aguquguqukayo ukuheha amakhasimende. Ngokugxila ekutholeni amakhasimende ezinqubo ezahlukahlukene kanye nomthamo wokukhiqiza, ibhizinisi le-Samsung lokukhiqiza libonise izimpawu zokululama. Muva nje, i-Samsung iwine izinkontileka zokukhiqiza ezivela kuma-startup e-US AI semiconductor Chabarite (4nm) kanye ne-Anaphae (28nm), kanye ne-startup yaseNingizimu Korea i-DeepX (2nm). Isazi sangaphakathi embonini yama-semiconductor siphawule, "Ukugxila kwe-TSMC ezikhulwini zobuchwepheshe ezifana ne-Nvidia ne-Apple kwenza kube nzima ngabo ukwamukela ama-oda amasha ngenkathi bephakamisa amanani e-wafer. Lokhu kudala imakethe eyingqayizivele i-Samsung engayisebenzisa."
Finyelela Izinhloso Zenzuzo
Imboni yezobuchwepheshe ilindele ukuthi ibhizinisi le-Samsung lokukhiqiza izingcezu, elilahlekelwe amakhulu ezigidigidi zezinto eziwinile njalo ngekota iminyaka, libuyele enzuzweni kusukela ngo-2027. Lokhu kubangelwa kakhulu ukwanda kwamandla okulindelekile esitshalweni sayo sase-Austin kanye nokukhiqizwa ngobuningi kwe-chip ye-AI6 ye-Tesla efektri yaseTaylor, kusukela ngo-2027.
Esithangamini sayo semali engenayo sekota yesithathu, i-Samsung ithe, "Sithole ama-oda aqoshiwe agxile ezinqubweni ezisezingeni eliphezulu, okuhlanganisa nezinkontileka zamakhasimende eziningi kakhulu zenqubo yethu ye-2nm. Njengoba imikhiqizo emisha esebenzisa inqubo yethu ye-2nm ingena ekukhiqizweni okukhulu, silindele ukuthi ukusebenza kuzothuthuka ngokuqhubeka nokuzuza kokukhiqiza kanye nezinyathelo ezingabizi kakhulu."
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-10-2025