Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-transistor, kwakheka isiteshi sembobo, kuyilapho ungqimba oluphindwe kabili lukagesi olubangelwa yi-cation
Abacwaningi baseSeoul National University bathuthukise i-transistor ekhipha ukukhanya okungokwemvelo ye-electrochemical organic ekwazi ukwenza ukucubungula isignali, inkumbulo kanye nokukhishwa kokukhanya ngasikhathi sinye ngaphakathi kwedivayisi eyodwa ye-semiconductor. Ngokungenisa isithuthukisi se-ion-transport kusiteshi se-polymer semiconductor esikhipha ukukhanya, ithimba lenze ukwakheka kwe-electric-double-layer ku-interface ye-drain electrode, okuvumela ukujova kwe-electron okuphumelelayo ngaphandle kokuthembela kuma-voltage aphezulu noma i-n-type doping engazinzile esetshenziswa ezindleleni ezivamile.
Ngenxa yalokho, idivayisi igcine isakhiwo esilula esisebenza ngogesi olulodwa ngenkathi ifinyelela kokubili ukusebenza kwe-voltage ephansi kanye nokukhishwa kokukhanya okubanzi, okucijile endaweni, kanye nokusebenza kokucubungula isignali ye-neuromorphic.
Lo msebenzi ushicilelwe kumagazini i-Nature Materials.
Ama-elekthronikhi agqokwayo ashintsha ngokushesha ngale kwama-smartwatch kanye nezibuko ezihlakaniphile abe amapulatifomu alula ukuyisebenzisa esizukulwaneni esilandelayo, kanye nokwanda kwesikhathi esizayo kuya kumadivayisi asetshenziswa esikhumbeni kanye namadivayisi afakwayo.
Ikakhulukazi, amadivayisi agqokwayo esikhumbeni, kanye nobuchwepheshe be-semiconductor obuhlanganisiwe obuhlanganisa ukuzwa, ukucubungula amasignali, imisebenzi yememori kanye nokubonisa epulatifomu eyodwa, kubhekwa njengobuchwepheshe obuyisihluthulelo obuvumela ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kwesizukulwane esilandelayo kanye nomkhakha we-elekthronikhi wesikhathi esizayo.
Muva nje, izinto zikagesi ezigqokwayo ziye zathuthuka ngale kokutholwa kwesignali yebhayoloji zaya ekucutshungulweni kwesignali ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokubonakala.
Kodwa-ke, kuze kube manje, le misebenzi ivame ukusetshenziswa kusetshenziswa amadivayisi axhunyiwe ahlukene, okuholela ezakhiweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, izingxenye ezinkulu neziqinile, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sedivayisi esilula kube yinselele enkulu.
1. Kungani amadivayisi amanje ehluleka
Ama-transistors akhipha ukukhanya kwemvelo adonsele ukunaka njengabantu abathembisayo kuma-electronics agqokekayo esizukulwaneni esilandelayo ngoba angahlanganisa imisebenzi ye-transistor kanye ne-diode ekhipha ukukhanya kudivayisi eyodwa.
Kodwa-ke, ama-transistors avamile e-organic anesakhiwo se-electrode eseceleni adinga ama-voltage aphezulu okusebenza angu-80 kuya ku-180 V ngenxa yebanga elide phakathi kwama-electrode kanye nesithiyo esikhulu sokufakwa kwama-electron.
Ngisho noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-electrochemical ion doping kusetshenziswa ukwehlisa i-voltage yokusebenza, kusadingeka okungaphezu kuka-3.5 V, futhi indawo yokukhipha umoya ihlala incane futhi ingazinzile, inciphisa ukusetshenziswa okungokoqobo ezikrinini zangempela kanye nezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi ezigqokwayo ezihlakaniphile.
2.Indlela i-transistor entsha esebenza ngayo
Ithimba locwaningo lakha i-transistor ekhipha ukukhanya okungokwemvelo e-electrochemical organic ephansi kakhulu ehlanganisa ukucubungula amasignali, inkumbulo kanye nokukhishwa kokukhanya ngaphakathi kwe-transistor eyodwa ephilayo.
Ngokufaka isithuthukisi sokuthutha ama-ion kungqimba esebenzayo ukuze kukhuthazwe ukwakheka kwezingqimba ezimbili zikagesi esibonakalayo se-electrode, ithimba lethule indlela entsha yokufaka ama-electron ngempumelelo ngaphandle kokuthembela kuma-voltage aphezulu noma i-doping engazinzile esetshenziswa ezindleleni ezivamile.
Lokhu kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukukhishwa kokukhanya ngisho noma kuma-voltage angaphansi kuka-3.5 V, ngaphambili ayebhekwa njengaphansi kakhulu ukuthi asebenze, kuyilapho kugcinwa indawo ebanzi nezinzile yokukhishwa kokukhanya.
Idivayisi iphinde yabonisa izici zokucubungula isignali kanye nememori, izimpendulo ziqongelela ngaphansi kwemizwa ephindaphindwayo futhi zigcinwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi yaboniswa ngokwengeziwe ohlelweni lokubonisa oluguquguqukayo olusebenza ngamabhethri amabili angu-1.5 V kuphela.
Lolu cwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukukhishwa kokukhanya okuzinzile kanye nokusebenza okuhlakaniphile kungafinyelelwa ngasikhathi sinye ngisho nasekwakhekeni okulula okunesendlalelo esisodwa, okwandisa kakhulu amandla ama-transistors e-organic ezinhlelo zokusebenza ezigqokwayo.
3. Umthelela ongaba khona ezigqokweni ezigqokwayo
Lolu cwaningo lubalulekile ngoba luhlanganisa ukucubungula amasignali, inkumbulo kanye nokukhishwa kokukhanya kudivayisi eyodwa, okunciphisa ukulinganiselwa kwezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi ezivamile ezigqokwayo ezidinga izingxenye eziningi ezihlukene ukuze zenziwe futhi zixhunywe.
Ikakhulukazi, ngokubonisa izimpendulo eziqongelelekayo nezigcinayo ezintweni ezifakwayo, kugqamisa amandla kagesi esizukulwane esilandelayo angacubungula ulwazi futhi abonise umphumela ngokushesha ngokukhanya.
Nakuba amadivayisi avamile agqokwayo enza kube nzima ngabasebenzisi ukuhlola izimpawu ezilinganisiwe ngesikhathi sangempela ngenkathi behamba, lobu buchwepheshe bukhomba ekuqapheni ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokulethwa kolwazi ngokushesha.
Kulindeleke ukuthi inwetshwe kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nokuvuselelwa, ukunakekelwa kweziguli eziphuthumayo, ukuqapha ukuvivinya umzimba, izinto zikagesi ezisetshenziswa esikhumbeni kanye nokunakekelwa kwezempilo okuhlakaniphile, futhi ingasebenza njengobuchwepheshe obuyisihluthulelo obuvumela izimboni ezihlobene.
USolwazi Tae-Woo Lee ubonise ukuncintisana ophambili ocwaningweni ngezincwadi ezilandelanayo zeSayensi neNdalo ngo-2026.
Lo msebenzi udlula amadivayisi avamile akhipha ukukhanya ngokuhlanganisa ukukhishwa kokukhanya, ukucubungula amasignali kanye nemisebenzi yememori kudivayisi eyodwa ye-semiconductor ku-voltage ephansi, okwethula isiqondiso esisha sezinto zobuchwepheshe ezigqokwayo zesizukulwane esilandelayo.
USolwazi Tae-Woo Lee, owayehola lolu cwaningo, uthe, "Lo msebenzi ubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ubonisa ukuthi yonke imisebenzi ingahlanganiswa ngaphakathi kwedivayisi eyodwa ye-semiconductor, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwakha nokuxhumanisa amayunithi okucubungula, inkumbulo, kanye nokubonisa ngokwahlukene."
Wanezela, "Kusukela manje, sihlela ukuthuthukisa lobu buchwepheshe bube yipulatifomu ye-semiconductor esikhumbeni esetshenziswa esikhumbeni sokwenziwa esihlakaniphile kanye nokunakekelwa kwempilo okugqokwayo."
Lobu buchwepheshe bubalulekile futhi ngoba budlula ama-semiconductor avamile akhipha ukukhanya ngokubonisa ukusebenza okuningi kudivayisi eyodwa ye-semiconductor ene-voltage ephansi.
Ngalo mqondo, inikeza isiqondiso esisha sezinto zikagesi ezihlakaniphile ezigqokwayo esikhumbeni ezivumela ukusebenzisana ngesikhathi sangempela phakathi kwabantu nemishini.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-22-2026