Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-capacitor. Ngokuyinhloko kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-capacitor, i-capacitor eqondile kanye ne-capacitor eguquguqukayo. Ahlukaniswa ngokuya nge-polarity yawo njenge-polarized kanye ne-non-polarized. Ama-terminals amahle nangalungile aphawulwe kuma-capacitor. Ama-capacitor anombala angaxhunywa kuma-circuits ngendlela eyodwa kuphela uma ama-capacitor anganombala angaxhunywa ngenye indlela yama-circuits. Ama-capacitor anezici ezahlukene kanye nemininingwane kagesi. Ngokusekelwe ezicini zawo kanye nemininingwane, angasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukene.
Izinhlobo zama-capacitor
1. Ama-capacitor kagesi
Lawa ama-capacitor ahlanganisiwe. I-anode noma ama-terminals amahle akhiwe ngensimbi futhi nge-anodization ungqimba lwe-oxide luyadalwa. Ngakho-ke lolu ngqimba lusebenza njengesivikelo. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zama-capacitor e-electrolytic asetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto. Futhi lezi zingahlukaniswa kanje:
Ama-capacitor e-aluminium electrolytic
Ama-capacitor e-electrolytic e-Tantalum
Ama-capacitor e-electrolytic e-Niobium
A. Ama-capacitor e-aluminium electrolytic
Kulolu hlobo lwama-capacitor, i-anode noma i-terminal enhle yenziwe nge-aluminium futhi lokhu kusebenza njenge-dielectric. Lawa ma-capacitor ashibhile kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zama-capacitor. Anokubekezelelana okukhulu kakhulu.
B. Ama-capacitor e-electrolytic e-Tantalum
Kula ma-capacitor, insimbi isetshenziswa njenge-electrode. Lezi zinhlobo zitholakala ngohlobo lwe-lead kanye nasesimweni se-chip sama-capacitor okufaka phezulu anomthamo (10 nf kuya ku-100 mf). Anamandla aphezulu okukhiqiza. Anokubekezelela okuphansi. Azinzile kakhulu futhi athembekile.
C. Ama-capacitor e-electrolytic e-Niobium
Lezi azithandwa kakhulu njenge-Aluminium electrolytic capacitors kanye ne-Tantalum electrolytic capacitor. Inentengo ephansi kakhulu noma ishibhile ngesilinganiso.
2. Ama-capacitor e-Ceramic
Lezi azithandwa kakhulu njenge-Aluminium electrolytic capacitors kanye ne-Tantalum electrolytic capacitor. Inentengo ephansi kakhulu noma ishibhile ngesilinganiso.
•Isigaba I - Ukuzinza okuphezulu kanye nokulahlekelwa okuphansi
1.umthamo onembile kakhulu futhi ozinzile
2. Ukuqina okuhle kakhulu kokushisa
3.ukubekezelelana okuphansi (I 0.5%)
4. ukuvuza okuphansi kwamanje
5.Iyamelana nama-oscillator
•Isigaba II - ukunemba okuphansi kanye nokuzinza okuhambisana nama-capacitor esigaba I
1. ukusebenza kahle kwevolumu ephezulu kunama-capacitor ekilasi I.
2.izinguquko nge-voltage ekhethayo
3. Ama-capacitor efilimu
♦ Kula ma-capacitor efilimu, ifilimu yepulasitiki isetshenziswa njengento ye-dielectric. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene njenge-polyester poly propylene, i-polystyrene. Izinzile kakhulu futhi inokwethenjelwa okuhle, isilinganiso sayo se-voltage singu-IOU kuya ku-10 KV, lezi zitholakala kububanzi be-PF kanye ne-MF.
4. I-Super capacitor
♦ Yaziwa nangokuthi i-ultra capacitor, igcina inani elikhulu lokushaja. Ububanzi be-capacitance buyahlukahluka kusukela kuma-farad ambalwa kuya kuma-farad ayi-100. Isilinganiso se-Voltage siphakathi kuka-2.5 kuya ku-2.9.
5. I-Mica capacitor
♦ Lezi zinembile futhi zinikeza ukuzinza okuhle kwezinga lokushisa. Zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-RF kanye nasezinhlelweni ze-voltage ephezulu. Ziyabiza yingakho lezi zithathelwa indawo ngezinye i-capacitor.
6. I-capacitor eguquguqukayo
♦ Yaziwa nangokuthi i-trimmer capacitor. Zisetshenziselwa ukulinganisa imishini noma ukukhiqiza noma ukuhlinzeka. Kungenzeka ukushintsha ububanzi obuthile. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-trimmer capacitor.
♦ I-capacitor ye-Ceramic kanye ne-Air trimmer.
♦ I-capacitor encane cishe ingu-0.5 PF, kodwa ingashintshwa kuze kufike ku-100PF.
Lawa ma-capacitor ayatholakala ukuze alinganiswe nge-voltage efika ku-300v lawa ma-capacitor asetshenziswa kuma-oscillator ohlelo lokusebenza lwe-RF kanye nama-tuning circuits.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-05-2026