Ngokwemibiko, isikhulu esiphezulu se-Intel u-Lip-Bu Tan ucabanga ukumisa ukukhuthazwa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza yenkampani engu-18A (1.8nm) kumakhasimende ayisiqalo futhi esikhundleni salokho agxile enqubweni yokukhiqiza ye-14A yesizukulwane esilandelayo (1.4nm) emzamweni wokuvikela ama-oda avela kumakhasimende amakhulu afana ne-Apple ne-Nvidia. Uma lokhu kushintsha kokugxila kwenzeka, kuzophawula isikhathi sesibili esilandelanayo i-Intel yehlise izinto eziza kuqala. Ukulungiswa okuhlongozwayo kungase kube nomthelela omkhulu wezezimali futhi kuguqule umkhondo webhizinisi le-Intel's foundry, okuholela ngempumelelo inkampani ukuthi iphume emakethe yokuqala eminyakeni ezayo. I-Intel isazise ukuthi lolu lwazi lusekelwe ekuqageleni kwemakethe. Kodwa-ke, umkhulumeli unikeze eminye imininingwane eyengeziwe ngomgwaqo wokuthuthukiswa kwenkampani, esiwufake ngezansi. "Asiphawuli ngamahemuhemu nezimakethe," kusho okhulumela i-Intel etshela uTom's Hardware. "Njengoba sike sasho phambilini, sizimisele ukuqinisa imephu yethu yokuthuthukisa, ukusebenzela amakhasimende ethu, nokwenza ngcono isimo sethu sezezimali esizayo."
Kusukela ethathe izintambo ngoMashi, uTan umemezele uhlelo lokunciphisa izindleko ngo-Ephreli, okulindeleke ukuthi lubandakanye ukudilizwa kanye nokuhoxiswa kwamaphrojekthi athile. Ngokusho kwemibiko yezindaba, ngoJuni, waqala ukwabelana nozakwabo ukuthi isikhalazo senqubo ye-18A-eklanyelwe ukukhombisa amakhono okukhiqiza e-Intel-yayehla kumakhasimende angaphandle, okwamholela ekukholelweni ukuthi kunengqondo ukuthi inkampani iyeke ukunikeza i-18A kanye nenguqulo yayo ye-18A-P ethuthukisiwe kumakhasimende asunguliwe.
Esikhundleni salokho, u-Tan uphakamise ukuthi kwabiwe izinsiza ezengeziwe ukuze kuqedelwe futhi kuthuthukiswe i-node yesizukulwane esilandelayo senkampani, i-14A, okulindeleke ukuthi ilungele ukukhiqizwa kwengozi ngo-2027 kanye nokukhiqizwa ngobuningi ngo-2028. Njengoba kunikezwe isikhathi se-14A, manje yisikhathi sokuqala ukuyiphromotha phakathi kwamakhasimende e-Intel foundry angaba yinkampani yangaphandle.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza be-Intel be-18A buyindawo yokuqala yenkampani ukusebenzisa i-RibbonFET gate-all-around (GAA) transistors yesizukulwane sesibili kanye ne-PowerVia back-side power delivery network (BSPDN). Ngokuphambene, i-14A isebenzisa ama-RibbonFET transistors kanye nobuchwepheshe be-PowerDirect BSPDN, obuletha amandla ngokuqondile emthonjeni kanye nokukhipha amanzi e-transistor ngayinye ngokusebenzisa abathintwayo abazinikele, futhi ifakwe ubuchwepheshe be-Turbo Cells bezindlela ezibalulekile. Ukwengeza, i-18A ubuchwepheshe bokuqala be-Intel obusezingeni eliphezulu obuhambisana namathuluzi wokuklama wezinkampani zangaphandle kumakhasimende ayo ayisisekelo.
Ngokusho kwabangaphakathi, uma i-Intel ishiya ukuthengiswa kwangaphandle kwe-18A kanye ne-18A-P, kuzodinga ukusula inani elikhulu ukuze kuncishiswe izigidigidi zamadola etshalwe ekuthuthukiseni lobu buchwepheshe bokukhiqiza. Kuya ngokuthi izindleko zentuthuko zibalwa kanjani, ukucishwa kokugcina kungafinyelela kumakhulu ezigidi noma izinkulungwane zezigidi zamaRandi.
I-RibbonFET kanye ne-PowerVia ekuqaleni zenzelwe i-20A, kodwa ngo-Agasti odlule, ubuchwepheshe bachithwa ukuze imikhiqizo yangaphakathi igxile ku-18A kuyo yonke imikhiqizo yangaphakathi nangaphandle.
Isizathu sokuhamba kwe-Intel singase sibe lula: ngokunciphisa inani lamakhasimende angaba ngu-18A, inkampani inganciphisa izindleko zokusebenza. Iningi lemishini edingekayo ku-20A, 18A, kanye ne-14A (ngaphandle kwemishini ye-EUV yokuvula izinombolo ephezulu) isivele isetshenziswa endwangu yayo ye-D1D e-Oregon kanye ne-Fab 52 yayo ne-Fab 62 e-Arizona. Kodwa-ke, uma lesi sixhobo sesisebenza ngokusemthethweni, inkampani kufanele iphendule ngezindleko zayo zokwehla. Lapho kubhekene nama-oda amakhasimende enkampani yangaphandle engaqinisekile, ukungathumeli lezi zisetshenziswa kungavumela i-Intel ukuthi yehlise izindleko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokunganikezi i-18A ne-18A-P kumakhasimende angaphandle, i-Intel ingase yonge ezindlekweni zobunjiniyela ezihambisana nokusekela amasekethe ezinkampani zangaphandle ekuthathweni kwesampula, ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi, kanye nokukhiqizwa ku-Intel fabs. Ngokusobala, lokhu kuwukuqagela nje. Kodwa-ke, ngokuyeka ukunikeza i-18A ne-18A-P kumakhasimende angaphandle, i-Intel ngeke ikwazi ukukhombisa izinzuzo zama-node ayo okukhiqiza ezinhlobonhlobo zamaklayenti anemiklamo ehlukahlukene, ibashiye benenketho eyodwa kuphela eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu ezayo: ukusebenzisana ne-TSMC nokusebenzisa i-N2, N2P, noma i-A16.
Ngenkathi i-Samsung isethwe ukuthi iqale ngokusemthethweni ukukhiqizwa kwe-chip endaweni yayo ye-SF2 (ebuye yaziwe ngokuthi yi-SF3P) ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kulo nyaka, le nodi kulindeleke ukuthi isalele ngemuva kwe-Intel's 18A kanye ne-TSMC's N2 ne-A16 mayelana namandla, ukusebenza, nendawo. Empeleni, i-Intel ngeke iqhudelane ne-TSMC's N2 kanye ne-A16, okungasizi ngalutho ekuzuzeni ukuzethemba kwamakhasimende angaba khona kweminye imikhiqizo ye-Intel (efana ne-14A, 3-T/3-E, Intel/UMC 12nm, njll.). Abangaphakathi baveze ukuthi uTan ucele ochwepheshe be-Intel ukuthi balungiselele isiphakamiso sezingxoxo nebhodi le-Intel kulokhu kuwa. Isiphakamiso singase sihlanganise ukumisa ukusayinwa kwamakhasimende amasha ngenqubo ye-18A, kodwa uma kubhekwa ubukhulu nobunkimbinkimbi bendaba, isinqumo sokugcina kungase kudingeke silinde kuze kube yilapho ibhodi lihlangana futhi kamuva kulo nyaka.
I-Intel ngokwayo kubikwa ukuthi yenqabile ukuxoxa ngezimo ezicatshangelwayo kodwa yaqinisekisa ukuthi amakhasimende ayinhloko e-18A kube ukuhlukaniswa kwemikhiqizo yayo, ehlela ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukukhiqiza i-laptop ye-Panther Lake CPU eqala ngo-2025. Ekugcineni, imikhiqizo efana ne-Clearwater Forest, Diamond Rapids, ne-Jaguar Shores izosebenzisa i-18A ne-18A-P.
Isidingo Esinomkhawulo? Imizamo ye-Intel yokuheha amakhasimende amakhulu angaphandle ekusungulweni kwayo ibalulekile ekuguqukeni kwayo, njengoba amanani aphezulu kuphela azovumela inkampani ukuthi ibuyise izindleko zezigidigidi eziyichithile ithuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bayo bezinqubo. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwe-Intel ngokwayo, yi-Amazon kuphela, iMicrosoft, kanye noMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-US abaqinisekise ngokusemthethweni izinhlelo zokusebenzisa i-18A. Imibiko ikhombisa ukuthi i-Broadcom ne-Nvidia nabo bahlola ubuchwepheshe be-Intel benqubo yakamuva, kodwa abakazibophezeli ukubusebenzisela imikhiqizo yangempela. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-TSMC's N2, i-Intel's 18A inenzuzo ebalulekile: isekela ukulethwa kwamandla asemuva, okuwusizo ikakhulukazi kumaphrosesa anamandla aphezulu ahloselwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-AI ne-HPC. Iprosesa ye-TSMC's A16, efakwe i-super power rail (SPR), kulindeleke ukuthi ingene ekukhiqizweni ngobuningi ekupheleni kuka-2026, okusho ukuthi i-18A izogcina inzuzo yayo yokulethwa kwamandla okusemuva kwe-Amazon, iMicrosoft, namanye amakhasimende angaba khona isikhathi esithile. Kodwa-ke, i-N2 kulindeleke ukuthi inikeze ukuminyana okuphezulu kwe-transistor, okuzuzisa iningi lemiklamo ye-chip. Ukwengeza, ngenkathi i-Intel ibisebenzisa ama-chips e-Panther Lake endaweni yayo ye-D1D amakota ambalwa (ngakho-ke, i-Intel isasebenzisa i-18A ekukhiqizeni ubungozi), ivolumu yayo ephezulu i-Fab 52 kanye ne-Fab 62 yaqala ukusebenzisa ama-chips okuhlola ayi-18A ngoMashi walo nyaka, okusho ukuthi ngeke baqale ukukhiqiza ama-chips okuhweba kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-2025, noma ngaphezulu, amakhasimende abo angaphandle anentshisekelo ye-Intel. iklama emafekthri anevolumu ephezulu e-Arizona kunezindwangu zokuthuthukisa e-Oregon.
Kafushane, isikhulu se-Intel u-Lip-Bu Tan ucabanga ukumisa ukukhuthazwa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza yenkampani engu-18A kumakhasimende angaphandle futhi esikhundleni salokho agxile endaweni yokukhiqiza ye-14A yesizukulwane esilandelayo, ehlose ukuheha amakhasimende amakhulu njenge-Apple ne-Nvidia. Lesi sinyathelo singadala ukucishwa okubalulekile, njengoba i-Intel itshale izigidigidi ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe benqubo ye-18A kanye ne-18A-P. Ukushintsha ukugxila kunqubo ye-14A kungasiza ukwehlisa izindleko futhi kulungiselelwe kangcono amakhasimende ezinkampani zangaphandle, kodwa futhi kungase kuthuntubeze ukuzethemba emandleni e-Intel okusungula ngaphambi kokuthi inqubo ye-14A isethwe ukuthi ingene ekukhiqizeni ngo-2027-2028. Ngenkathi indawo ye-18A isalokhu ibalulekile emikhiqizweni ye-Intel (efana ne-Panther Lake CPU), isidingo esilinganiselwe esivela eceleni (kuze kube manje, yi-Amazon kuphela, iMicrosoft, kanye noMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-US aqinisekise izinhlelo zokuyisebenzisa) kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngokusebenza kwayo. Lesi sinqumo esingaba khona sisho ngempumelelo ukuthi i-Intel ingaphuma emakethe ebanzi yokusungula ngaphambi kokuthi kuqaliswe inqubo ye-14A. Noma ngabe i-Intel ekugcineni ikhetha ukususa inqubo ye-18A ekunikezelweni kwayo kokusungulwa kwezicelo eziningi ezahlukahlukene namakhasimende, inkampani isazosebenzisa inqubo ye-18A ukukhiqiza ama-chips emikhiqizo yayo eseyakhelwe leyo nqubo. I-Intel futhi ihlose ukufeza ama-oda ayo alinganiselwe, okuhlanganisa nokuhlinzeka ngama-chips kumakhasimende ashiwo ngenhla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-21-2025